Páginas

segunda-feira, 19 de março de 2018

Connecting Public and Private International Law

Forthcoming in V Ruiz Abou-Nigm, K McCall-Smith and D French, Linkages and Boundaries in Private and Public International Law (Hart 2018)

16 Pages Posted: 8 Mar 2018 


University College London, Faculty of Laws

Date Written: October 2017

Abstract

The relationship between public and private international law is a topic which has long been debated, and which remains highly controversial. Despite an increasing range of scholarship looking at connections between the two fields, some modern public and private international lawyers would doubt that any deep relationship exists between the two subjects. This Chapter addresses these doubts by examining a link between public and private international law which arises in the context of sources, and exploring six connections between public and private international law – connections of (1) principle, (2) history, (3) functional commonality, (4) policy incorporation, (5) shared objectives, and (6) methodology.

Referência

MILLS, Alex. Connecting Public and Private International Law (October 2017). Forthcoming in: ABOU-NIGM,  V. Ruiz; McCALL-SMITH, K.; FRENCH, D. Linkages and Boundaries in Private and Public International Law (Hart 2018). Disponível em: <https://ssrn.com/abstract=3133078>. Acesso em: 16 mar. 2018.

terça-feira, 13 de março de 2018

Caso Fogarty versus Reino Unido e Irlanda do Norte

Elaboração: Abrahão de Lima, acadêmico de Direito/UEMA.

O caso Fogarty versus Reino Unido e Irlanda do Norte, julgado pela Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos em 5 de Novembro de 2000 (juntamente ao também emblemático caso Al-Adsani versus Reino Unido), em face da demissão da senhora Fogarty de suas funções na Embaixada Estadunidense em Londres baseada, alegadamente, em discriminação sexual, quebrantando, desta maneira, o Ato de Discriminação Sexual de 1975 e a proibição de discriminação no artigo 26 do Pacto de Direitos Sociais e Políticos das Nações Unidas. O Tribunal Industrial rejeitou seus pedidos baseado na Imunidade de Jurisdição, fato este que ensejou seu pedido junto ao Tribunal de Estrasburgo, com base jurídica no direito ao acesso à Justiça contido no artigo 6 § 1 do Pacto. A Corte, no entanto, rejeitou novamente seus pedidos, justificando que os atos da Embaixada Estadunidense foram meramente de jus imperii, assim não sendo uma hipótese que ensejaria exceção Imunidade de Jurisdição, ademais, a Corte decidiu que não houve quebrantamento do artigo 6 § 1do Pacto de Direitos Sociais e Políticos das Nações Unidas. Uma parte interessante desta decisão é o voto dissidente do Juiz Loucaides versando sobre direitos humanos e as violações que, aceitando as alegações da senhora Fogarty, haviam ocorrido e deixando implícita a necessidade de revisão da aplicabilidade do Ato de Imunidade Jurisdicional. 

Fogarty versus United Kingdom and North Ireland

The case Fogarty versus United Kingdom and North Ireland held by the European Court of Human Rights on 5 November 2000, jointly with the case Al-Adsani v. the United Kingdom, in face of a dismissal of her functions at the American Embassy in London, allegedly, based on sex discrimination, breaching, though, the Sex Discrimination Act of 1975 and the prohibition of discrimination of the Article 26 of the UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The Industrial Tribunal, based on the State Immunity denied her pleas and then she was able to proceed to Strasbourg Tribunal based on the breach of the Article 6 § 1 of the Convention, which is about the access to the court, but as a decision the Court rejected once again her pleas based on the fact the acts of American embassy were merely jus imperii, so not a hypothesis to exception to State Immunity, and, in addition, the Court has decided that there was not violation to the Article 6 § 1 of the Convention. An interesting part of this decision is the dissenting opinion of Judge Loucaides based on the human rights and the violations committed, leaving at that moment implicit the need of reviewing the appliance of the State Immunity Act.

Fonte:
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS. Case of Fogarty v. The United Kingdom. Application n. 37112/97, Judgment of 21 November 2001. Disponível em: <http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-59886>. Acesso em: 03 mar. 2018.